The replacement trachea - the bony tube that connects the nose, mouth and lungs - was stripped of the donor's cells to leave a scaffold which was then laced with the child's stem cells. The boy, aged 10, then received the transplant hours later. The stem cells are now reconstructing the airway and ensuring it is not rejected by his immune system.
The operation was the first to use stem cells with the scaffold inside the body. It was also the first entire windpipe transplant to be carried out on a child and the first to involve the entire length of the trachea.
The doctors who carried out the procedure said the technique reduced greatly the risk of rejection of the new trachea, as the child?s stem cells would not generate any immune response. They said the child, who was not being identified, was recovering well and able to speak.
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